A Washer provides a buffer between the fastener and the surface, and a flat washer helps protect the mating surface from scratches, dents, or other forms of damage. It acts as a protective barrier, preserving the integrity and appearance of the material being fastened. It can prevent surface marring or imprints caused by the pressure exerted by the fastener. The flat, smooth surface of the washer helps distribute the load evenly.Attributes:• Prevents deformation, damage, or failure of the material being fastened• Prevent scratches, galling, or other forms of surface damage during assembly or tighteningApplications:A Washer distributes the clamping force or load exerted by the fastener over a larger area. When a bolt or nut is tightened, the flat washer prevents the fastener from directly contacting the surface of the material being fastened.